CITIZENS   FOR  LIMITED  TAXATION
and the
Citizens Economic Research Foundation

CLT UPDATE
Friday, September 29, 2006

Taxpayers are sick from public servants' abuses


How much sick time do public employees take?

Following the case of the Brockton policeman who was roundly criticized by state officials for using 251 sick days over three years while simultaneously working two public jobs, the Globe decided to find out. The common perception has been that public employees take more sick days than workers in the private business world.

And that view appears to be on the mark in five local communities...

Barbara Anderson, executive director of Citizens for Limited Taxation, a taxpayer advocacy group, said municipal leaders should exercise tighter control over employees' use of sick time, which some workers apparently see as allowable personal time.

"Somehow they think sick leave is time off, rather than time when you are supposed to be in bed with a fever," she said. "As long as cities and towns have plenty of money to throw around, and apparently they do, there will be abuse of sick leave and pensions and overtime. That's the way it is."

The Boston Globe (South edition)
Sunday, September 17, 2006
Out sick. Again?
It's true:
Some in public work take off more than those in business


While the Romney administration has criticized excessive sick time payouts at the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority, another agency the governor controls, the Massachusetts Port Authority, has paid more than $6.2 million to departing employees for unused sick time over the past five years.

The payments were made under an unusually generous policy that allows retiring employees to cash out 100 percent of their unused sick days, far more than the 20 percent to which other state employees are entitled....

The payments are funded by tolls collected at the Tobin Bridge and other fees paid at Logan Airport.

Compensation for unused sick time is a benefit that is rarely given in the private sector....

After the Globe began asking Massport for data on the sick time policy last week, Thomas J. Kinton Jr., the Massport executive director, called Romney's office to inform him of the long-standing sick time policy -- and that questions were being asked about it, a Romney aide said.

Eric Fehrnstrom, spokesman for Romney, on Friday afternoon said Kinton's call was the first the governor's office had heard of the policy.

"It's an outrageous and overly generous policy," Fehrnstrom said. "Governor Romney made his views clear to Tom Kinton." ...

"It makes no sense to pay someone because they are lucky enough not to be out sick with cancer or the flu," said Barbara Anderson, executive director of Citizens for Limited Taxation, an advocacy group. It's simple greed -- another public sector method to grab all the salary and benefits they can get without getting caught."

The Boston Globe
Sunday, September 24, 2006
Massport's lavish payouts
Sick time policy tops Mass. Pike's


It's become a staple of state and local news coverage: The public employee who abuses sick leave or vacation time policies in ways that would be unimaginable in the private sector....

"The public sector has a long way to go in terms of managing its resources and its personnel policies," says Sam Tyler, president of the Boston Municipal Research Bureau. "There really hasn't been any overall comprehensive review of personnel practices at the state or local level."

Establishing policies that look more like the private sector's would be one way to reassure the public that government is well run. And it would help put an end to the well-publicized abuses we've seen in the last month - abuses that should make every honorable public servant cringe.

The Boston Globe
Thursday, September 14, 2006
Personnel policies need scrutiny
By Scot Lehigh


Change is in the air for Massachusetts voters.

At least that's what the four gubernatorial candidates would have us believe. While Democratic candidate Deval Patrick, Independent candidate Christy Mihos and Green-Rainbow candidate Grace Ross have an obvious reason to highlight the need for new leadership, even sitting Lt. Gov. Kerry Healey's campaign is getting in on the act.

"I think voters do want a change," Healey's spokesman, Nate Little, said yesterday. "It just depends on what kind of change they're going to have. Kerry Healey's change would lower taxes, and her opponents' changes would only raise them. We think voters will want Kerry Healey's kind of change." ...

Barbara Anderson, director of Citizens for Limited Taxation and a Healey supporter, said the public might crave a little variety -- but only so much.

"People have wanted change from the beginning of time because there's always something that needs changing," Anderson said. "But the question is, 'How far do you want to go?' People don't want a complete amateur in the office."

The Lowell Sun
Wednesday, September 27, 2006
Candidates agree voters want change but differ on how much


Chip Ford's CLT Commentary

CLT has long complained about the divide between public employees and the real world jobs those of us hold in the private sector, the disparity between what's expected from and by those who work directly for government paid by us, and those of us who must compete and perform to secure and hold our jobs -- and pay the salaries, pensions and benefits of our public employees.

In my CLT Update commentary of Jan. 25, 2005, "Property taxes skyrocket while Public Employees swim in salaries," I wrote:

Property tax increases have been growing in leaps and bounds, driving some lifelong residents out of their homes. The most specific cause for these double-digit tax increases increases is becoming all too clear. Public employee unions such as the teachers unions are reaping the benefits at everyone else's expense and misery.

This awareness is spreading, beginning to be recognized and more highly publicized. Until enough taxpayers wake up and realize they're being bled dry by government employees and their powerful unions, until outrage reaches a critical mass, until more discover they can no longer afford ever-increasing property taxes, never-ending annual overrides -- until taxpayers put down their collective foot and start revolting while they still have homes -- politics-as-usual in Massachusetts will continue to thrive

This was followed by reports of the cushy retirement packages public employees are entitled to at taxpayer expense (CLT Update, Mar. 8, 2005, "Taxpayers' employees, a class of their own"). ""Only government employment is immune from the vicissitudes of economic cycles," I wrote in that day's commentary, comparing public employee pensions to ours.

In the CLT Update of Apr. 24, 2005, "The secret ticking time bomb: "public service" pensions, health insurance giveaways," in a column for Fortune magazine, writer Janice Revell revealed:

There is a time bomb quietly ticking away in the netherlands of state and local government, and it is set to blow up in the next few years. When it detonates, the damage will easily run into the hundreds of billions of dollars—forcing tax hikes and public service cuts that will affect the lives of millions of Americans unless dramatic action is taken soon. Why? Because, unlike the private sector, the majority of government employers — 48 out of 50 states and more than half of all municipalities — still provide health-care benefits for their workers after retirement. The problem is, lawmakers haven't bothered to set aside nearly enough money to pay for these contractually guaranteed benefits. With health-care costs soaring and the rolls of public workers at retirement age growing fast, the tab for these obligations is expanding exponentially. And the bill is now coming due....

Compounding the problem is the fact that public-sector workers are typically eligible to retire with full pension and health benefits at a much younger age (often in their mid-50s) than their private-sector counterparts. That puts the government employer on the hook for even more years of retiree health care. And all this is happening against a backdrop of health costs escalating at a far greater pace than the tax base.

Now, to add insult to injury -- perhaps unrecoverable injury coming down the road at us -- we learn that public employees get extra pay for not being sick.

If a government worker shows up every day on the job for which he/she is hired -- the job for which they are paid with regular union-negotiated increases, with a pension most of us will never see upon retirement, at an age when most of us will still be working for years to come, receiving health care benefits at little cost for the remainder of their lives -- if this public servant just shows up without having to call in sick, they take a fat bonus out the door with them upon leaving that job.

How is it that government employment can be so much more lucrative in so many ways than that of those public servants' employers, us taxpayers?  How many private sector employers hand out going-away bonuses of thousands, if not tens of thousands of dollars, simply because you showed up for work like you were supposed to, expected to when you were hired?

How did we ever get here?  More importantly, what can be done about it?

When asked about how much change she thought voters wanted in the upcoming election, Barbara responded, "People have wanted change from the beginning of time because there's always something that needs changing.  But the question is, 'How far do you want to go?'"

I say the question instead should be, where and when will we pull out the brooms and begin.  We can figure out how far to go when some of the dust has settled.  Let's get started right here and now by putting our collective foot down, reminding our public servants just who they work for.  "We can no longer afford the lifestyle to which you've become accustomed."  If they won't work for the compensation the rest accept, if they can't adjust to the conditions most of us take for granted, then there's the door.  And don't expect a bonus for not letting it hit you in the backside on your way out.

Chip Ford


The Boston Globe (South edition)
Sunday, September 17, 2006

Out sick. Again?
It's true:
Some in public work take off more than those in business
By Matt Carroll, Globe Staff


How much sick time do public employees take?

Following the case of the Brockton policeman who was roundly criticized by state officials for using 251 sick days over three years while simultaneously working two public jobs, the Globe decided to find out. The common perception has been that public employees take more sick days than workers in the private business world.

And that view appears to be on the mark in five local communities: Municipal workers in Brockton, Dedham, Plymouth, Quincy, and Weymouth take up to 50 percent more sick days than employees in the private sector overall, based on sick-time records from those communities and a survey of private industry.

On average, public employees in the five communities called in sick about eight or nine days a year. In the private sector, it's about five or six days, according to business groups.

The Globe analyzed a year's worth of sick-time data from the five municipalities for all but school department employees. The numbers, from either 2005 or the fiscal year that ended June 30 of this year, were relatively consistent: Municipal employees took approximately eight sick days in Brockton, seven in Dedham, and nine in Plymouth, Quincy, and Weymouth. Brockton and Dedham provided numbers for the fiscal year, the others for 2005.

The data also showed that about 25 percent or more of the public employees in the five communities called in sick at least 10 days during the year. No such data were available from the private sector.

Barbara Anderson, executive director of Citizens for Limited Taxation, a taxpayer advocacy group, said municipal leaders should exercise tighter control over employees' use of sick time, which some workers apparently see as allowable personal time.

"Somehow they think sick leave is time off, rather than time when you are supposed to be in bed with a fever," she said. "As long as cities and towns have plenty of money to throw around, and apparently they do, there will be abuse of sick leave and pensions and overtime. That's the way it is."

Local officials acknowledge that some public workers view sick time as "earned days" that could be used at any point, but that sick-time abusers are few and far between. Most employees are conscientious and hard working, they say, and some jobs -- such as public safety positions like police and fire -- can be so tough and stressful they cannot reasonably be compared with private-sector jobs. Those jobs wear a person down and more sick time might be expected, they say.

The officials also note that, in today's workplace, single parents or households with two working spouses need unscheduled time to stay home with a sick child or to help an infirm parent. Some argue that town employees have historically made less than those working in the business sector, and make up for the lower pay somewhat with better benefits.

"I do not look at eight or nine days sick as an abuse of sick time," said Marie-Louise Kehoe, chairwoman of the Board of Selectmen in Dedham. The town has hard-working employees, she said, who should not go to work if they have a contagious illness like a cold or the flu, which could get others sick.

Weymouth Mayor David M. Madden conceded some public employees see a sick day "as a day they are entitled to, for whatever they want to use them for. There's a mindset."

But he and other municipal officials insisted they did not have a problem with an employee who has to stay home with a sick child. "It's the person who thinks it is a vacation day or uses it to go golfing," Madden said.

The Globe asked for sick-time records from five sample municipalities in the area following the widely publicized case of Charles B. Lincoln, who, according to a report released in May by state Inspector General Gregory W. Sullivan, used 251 sick days over three years on his two jobs as a Brockton police lieutenant and Plymouth County jail security director. Sullivan blasted Lincoln's remarkable use of sick time as "shocking and alarming."

Lincoln has been sued by the City of Brockton and the Plymouth sheriff's department for fraud. He worked for Brockton for more than 30 years and the sheriff's department for three years. The city and sheriff's department stated in their lawsuits that Lincoln would call in sick on one job and then work at the other.

More recently, Boston officials said they are examining the case of Officer Christine Meegan, who allegedly took advantage of the department's generous sick-time and vacation policies to take off more than 100 days from work between July of last year and March of this year. A department official said the days off were allowed under the union contract but were improper.

But the two cases are exceptions, according to local officials, who say they monitor sick time, do not tolerate abuse, and make changes when needed.

Quincy said it recently fired one worker, at least in part for sick-time abuse, and tightened contract language, while Weymouth has suspended several employees. Brockton, Dedham, and Plymouth reported no recent suspensions or firings.

Brockton Mayor James E. Harrington said tracking sick time beyond the department level was difficult because records are still kept on paper, not computers. An upgrade by the end of the year should fix the problem, he said.

Using sick days as personal days is not just a problem in the public sector. Private companies wrestle with the issue, although they generally offer fewer sick days as a benefit and fewer such days are taken.

Like their publicly employed counterparts, most hourly employees in the private sector will take a sick day as additional time off, said Lynda Slevoski, a vice president at Associated Industries of Massachusetts , a nonprofit, business advocacy group. "They don't look at it as for when they are sick. `If you give it to me, I should take it ' is the mindset."

Most public employees in Brockton, Dedham, Plymouth, Quincy, and Weymouth get 15 sick days a year. Some municipalities allow the days to be carried over indefinitely while others, including Quincy, have a cap on the maximum number of carryover sick days.

But only between 3 and 6 percent of private companies offer as many as 10 to 15 days of sick time, according to a survey of companies in Massachusetts by Associated Industries. Overall, paid sick leave is offered by about 60 percent of the nation's firms, according to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Private-industry employees take fewer sick days, too. Data from CCH Inc., an Illinois-based company that tracks business data, indicate that those workers take, on average, about five to six "unscheduled absences" from work per year.

Companies -- or municipalities -- with sick-time issues usually can trace them to poor morale, said Thomas A. Kochan, a professor who teaches work and employment relations at MIT's Sloan School of Management.

"Where people are motivated, committed, and satisfied with their work environment," Kochan said, "you see a lower rate of use of sick leave or other forms of leave. When they don't, they feel it is an entitlement."

Managers in the public sector, though, often feel they have less flexibility in dealing with the sick-time issue because it is often tied up in collective bargaining, he said. In the past, public employees have tended to receive better benefits -- such as sick time -- because their pay was lower than in the private sector, Kochan and others said.

Sometimes, a high number of workers calling in sick can be attributed to the makeup of the department.

In Dedham, seven of 21 library workers called in sick 10 or more days, and library director Patricia Lambert said the illnesses were simply a matter of the library's older workforce. "They don't go out for a day; they go out for a month," she said. "The joke among staff is, 'Can't you ever get sick for just a day?'"

In Weymouth, Fire Chief Robert Leary attributed the number of firefighters out for 10 sick days or more to family leave and injuries in outside activities, such as sports. "It's a very young department," he said. "I believe we've had six children born in the past year."

Kevin Dawyskiba, president of the Weymouth firefighters' union, noted the stressful nature of the job. Also, he said, the department has been undermanned, increasing the risk of illness and injury to all.

George Crombie, director of the Plymouth Highway Department, said he was not surprised that more than half of his 30-man crew was out of work 10 days or more last year. He said it was the difficult nature of the work.

In the Brockton Building Department, where 18 of 28 employees were sick 10 days or more last year, Superintendent Joseph Vasapollo blamed on-the-job injuries. Some workers, he said, took sick days to take care of their families.

"It's all documented pretty well."

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The Boston Globe
Sunday, September 24, 2006

Massport's lavish payouts
Sick time policy tops Mass. Pike's
By Sean P. Murphy, Globe Staff


While the Romney administration has criticized excessive sick time payouts at the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority, another agency the governor controls, the Massachusetts Port Authority, has paid more than $6.2 million to departing employees for unused sick time over the past five years.

The payments were made under an unusually generous policy that allows retiring employees to cash out 100 percent of their unused sick days, far more than the 20 percent to which other state employees are entitled. Massport workers who leave the agency but do not retire are reimbursed for 50 percent of their sick days.

Massport employees accumulate 15 sick days a year, and the agency has cut checks for as much as $201,000 to longtime employees, according to a Globe review of Massport records.

Robert Dursin, for example, served as the Massport budget director at a salary of $110,000 a year. When he retired in 2003, he had 475 unused sick days accumulated over 35 years. That gave Dursin a $201,000 windfall.

Even Craig P. Coy, who was Massport's executive director for just over four years, pocketed a check for almost $28,000 on his way out the door, courtesy of the little-publicized sick time policy.

In the five years examined by the Globe, 287 employees received a total of $6.2 million from Massport for 24,850 unused sick days. Had they been compensated according to the sick time policy that covers the vast majority of state employees, only $1.1 million would have been paid out.

The payments are funded by tolls collected at the Tobin Bridge and other fees paid at Logan Airport.

Compensation for unused sick time is a benefit that is rarely given in the private sector.

After the Globe began asking Massport for data on the sick time policy last week, Thomas J. Kinton Jr., the Massport executive director, called Romney's office to inform him of the long-standing sick time policy -- and that questions were being asked about it, a Romney aide said.

Eric Fehrnstrom, spokesman for Romney, on Friday afternoon said Kinton's call was the first the governor's office had heard of the policy.

"It's an outrageous and overly generous policy," Fehrnstrom said. "Governor Romney made his views clear to Tom Kinton."

Romney told Kinton that he expected the Massport policy to be quickly revised to cap the percentage of sick days that can be cashed in at 20 percent -- the norm in state agencies. The next Massport board meeting is Oct. 19.

Kinton, a Massport executive for 30 years who earns $255,000 and would be affected by any change in policy, did not respond to phone messages left at his office Friday. In response to Globe questions, Danny Levy, a Massport spokeswoman, said the policy was adopted more than 30 years ago to help the agency "attract qualified professionals."

Levy said the policy had been reviewed "from time to time" by the agency's chief executive officer and the board of directors, but said she had no further information, and could not say whether Coy reviewed or considered changing the policy during his tenure at Massport.

Another former executive director, Virginia Buckingham, who led the agency for just 24 months, received $5,850 for unused sick days after she was ousted from her job in 2001.

Levy said Massport's approximately 1,600 employees, most of whom are in administrative or managerial jobs, are well aware of the policy.

"We definitely have a nice, generous sick time policy," she said.

Employees are entitled to cash in unused sick days as long as they have been with Massport at least two years. Those with 20 years of service, or 10 years at the age of 55 or above, can retire and receive compensation for 100 percent of the days. Those who leave but do not meet the requirements for retirement are paid for 50 percent of the days. Most other state agencies pay nothing to non-retiring employees.

Fehrnstrom said Romney and other top officials in his administration were unaware of the Massport policy, even though four of the seven Massport board members are Romney appointees, including Ranch Kimball, Romney's former economic development secretary who has been on the board since 2005.

"I was unaware of the policy until I got a call this morning," Kimball said Friday. "I don't know any of the details of the Massport policy, but I do know it's a whole lot better than what I get as an ordinary state employee."

The issue of sick time exploded into public view last month when the Romney administration, having forced Matthew J. Amorello to resign as Turnpike chairman, publicized the turnpike authority's policy as an example of Amorello's mismanagement.

On July 7, Amorello unilaterally and without public notice sweetened the agency's sick time policy, increasing the percentage of sick days that Turnpike managers and administrative staffers could cash in from 20 percent to 50 percent. Amorello at the same time extended the benefit beyond retiring employees to those who were resigning from the Turnpike.

Seven Turnpike employees took advantage of the revised policy before it was repealed last month by John Cogliano, Romney's secretary of transportation. Five of the workers were retiring from the agency, and together received $133,163 more than they would have had Amorello not changed the policy. The biggest beneficiary, Marie Hayman, the Turnpike chief of staff who worked closely with Amorello, gained an extra $34,248 with the stroke of Amorello's pen.

The two employees in the group who resigned were entitled to nothing before Amorello acted. As a result of his revisions, one received $12,567 and the other $4,312.

But even the now repealed policy at the Turnpike seems modest compared with the one at Massport. No other agency in state government is as liberal in its sick time compensation as Massport.

Last month, for example, Jessie Chen, the Massport comptroller, retired and received $137,808 for 301 days of unused sick time accrued during 28 years at Massport. If Chen had retired under the policy most state employees are covered by, which caps sick time compensation at 20 percent, she would have received $27,562.

Also this year, Stanley Phillips, the utilities manager, received $127,519 for his 346 days of unused sick time, and Salvatore Demetrios, an electrical foreman, cashed in his 389 days for $123,318. Under the 20 percent policy, Phillips would have received $25,503 and Demetrios $24,663.

During his four-year tenure at Massport, Coy accumulated 58 unused sick days, good for $27,980, according to records. Coy arrived at Massport with a mandate to take patronage and politics out of Massport. A message left on his cellphone was not returned.

"It makes no sense to pay someone because they are lucky enough not to be out sick with cancer or the flu," said Barbara Anderson, executive director of Citizens for Limited Taxation, an advocacy group. It's simple greed -- another public sector method to grab all the salary and benefits they can get without getting caught."

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The Boston Globe
Thursday, September 14, 2006

Personnel policies need scrutiny
By Scot Lehigh


It's become a staple of state and local news coverage: The public employee who abuses sick leave or vacation time policies in ways that would be unimaginable in the private sector.

The latest example came last week, with the Globe's report on Boston Police officer Christine Meegan, who took more than 100 work days off in less than a year by gaming the department's sick time and vacation policies.

Mayor Tom Menino, who has been prodded for years to tighten the management at both the police and fire departments, has, of course, demanded a full investigation. But here's the real scandal: According to the Globe story, what Meegan did was apparently permitted under the department's union contract.

In mid-August, meanwhile, we had a sterling example of greed in the persons of Matt Amorello, former chairman of the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority, and some members of his management team.

On their way out the door at the turnpike, Amorello and his managers made off with something that really should belong to you and me. Like, say, several hundred thousand dollars.

Oh, I know, I know, it's all perfectly legal.

It's money they were entitled to for vacation they didn't take or sick time they didn't use.

Of course, Amorello went the extra mile to ensure his minions could enjoy a public-sector pig-out.

He changed the turnpike's sick-leave policy on his own initiative back on July 5 to allow managers to cash in up to 50 percent of their unused sick leave whenever they left the turnpike.

It was bad enough before, when they, like other executive branch employees, could cash in 20 percent of their sick leave upon retirement.

Amorello, meanwhile, got a check for 450 hours of supposedly unused vacation.

So let's review the record of this selfless civil servant.

We start with a man who never should have had this job in the first place, who was hired in February 2002 at $170,481 a year. Because of both automatic salary adjustments and raises voted him by the board, four years later, he was making $226,348 - an increase of 33 percent over four years.

Under the arrangement he got upon resigning his post in the aftermath of the Big Dig tunnel ceiling collapse, Amorello will continue to receive his salary until February, after walking out the door with an extra $54,000 for cashing in his unused vacation time.

Those with particularly long memories may recall this sort of thing happening before at the Pike.

When Allan McKinnon left as turnpike chairman back in 1996, he got $84,000 for supposedly unused sick time and vacation time - even though agency parking records cast strong doubt on his claim to have taken little time off during his last 18 months on the job.

Amorello also seems to have been a Cal Ripken-like public servant.

If turnpike records are to be believed, Amorello didn't take any vacation in 2002, and with the exception of 2004, took 11 or fewer days off in each of his other years at the Pike.

It's not just Amorello who made out like a bandit, however.

His team of, well, highwaymen, were also taken care of. Under Amorello's new policy, for example, flak Mariellen Burns walked off with $25,100, though part of that, I hasten to add, was $17,692 in "special recognition pay" - for a job she had held for a year and a half.

We also recently read about retired Brockton police lieutenant Charles Lincoln, who was able to exploit lax sick-day policies to work - ah, make that hold - two full-time public positions for several years.

For three years, he worked both for the Brockton police and as director of security for the Plymouth County House of Correction, something he managed in part by abusing the sick-day policies of both. In the three years of his dual employment, Lincoln called in sick 222 times from his Brockton Police post, and 29 times from his Plymouth County job. On many of the days when he was supposedly out sick from one job, he showed up for the other. His twin posts have qualified him for a pension of $140,000 a year, though his case is under investigation by the Public Employee Retirement and Administration Commission.

Now, I'm not one who thinks that the average public employee is a hack or a layabout or an abuser of the system. There are plenty of good, honest, dedicated, hard-working people in the public sector.

But it's also apparent that lax and generous personnel policies have led to too much abuse. Certainly, the average private sector worker can't trade in unused sick leave or vacation time.

If I were one of the legislative patrons whom Amorello long depended on to protect his job - and then, when his departure became inevitable after the Big Dig tunnel tragedy, to insist that he be fairly treated - I'd be furious.

The turnpike's personnel policies have now been changed back to what they were before.

Still, Senate President Robert Travaglini, who tightened the Senate's personnel policies some upon assuming the leadership post, thinks the state's policies also need more scrutiny.

"It's time to review the rules that govern reimbursement at the time of departure as it relates to vacation and sick time," Travaglini says.

That's something that should happen not just at quasi-independent authorities, but at every level of public employment, including city and town labor forces.

"The public sector has a long way to go in terms of managing its resources and its personnel policies," says Sam Tyler, president of the Boston Municipal Research Bureau. "There really hasn't been any overall comprehensive review of personnel practices at the state or local level."

Establishing policies that look more like the private sector's would be one way to reassure the public that government is well run. And it would help put an end to the well-publicized abuses we've seen in the last month - abuses that should make every honorable public servant cringe.

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The Lowell Sun
Wednesday, September 27, 2006

Candidates agree voters want change but differ on how much
By Hillary Chabot, Sun Staff


Change is in the air for Massachusetts voters.

At least that's what the four gubernatorial candidates would have us believe. While Democratic candidate Deval Patrick, Independent candidate Christy Mihos and Green-Rainbow candidate Grace Ross have an obvious reason to highlight the need for new leadership, even sitting Lt. Gov. Kerry Healey's campaign is getting in on the act.

"I think voters do want a change," Healey's spokesman, Nate Little, said yesterday. "It just depends on what kind of change they're going to have. Kerry Healey's change would lower taxes, and her opponents' changes would only raise them. We think voters will want Kerry Healey's kind of change."

Voters have stayed the course in the corner office for the past 16 years, faithfully electing a Republican governor to act as a balance to the largely Democratic Legislature.

Change became a buzzword in the campaign last year, when people began to express discontent with the direction the state was going. While polls taken in September 2005 showed only 39 percent of voters believe Massachusetts was on the wrong track, that number jumped to 48 percent by June 2006.

Recent problems with the Big Dig and a population loss across the state have highlighted a desire to ring in the new, said David Paleologos, director of the Suffolk University Political Research Center.

But the thirst for something different doesn't necessarily mean voters want a new political party in the corner office, said Paleologos.

"It means that the candidate who's perceived to be tied to (the Statehouse) is the candidate they're not going to elect," Paleologos said.

Outsiders like Patrick have jumped on that distinction.

"People have concerns about the direction the (Gov. Mitt) Romney/Healey administration has taken the state," said Patrick spokeswoman Libby DeVecchi. "Deval thinks that what people are looking for is an outsider to make independent decisions."

Mihos has taken it a step further, claiming that neither Republicans nor Democrats can make effective governors.

"The only change agent is an independent who's not beholden to the Democrats in the system or blocked by their opposition," Mihos said. "Roughly 50 percent of Massachusetts are independent voters, and I think they're thirsting for a change."

Ross believes the move for change is a reaction by middle- to lower-income voters who are struggling to make ends meet.

"I'm thrilled they've called for a change in government," Ross said.

Barbara Anderson, director of Citizens for Limited Taxation and a Healey supporter, said the public might crave a little variety -- but only so much.

"People have wanted change from the beginning of time because there's always something that needs changing," Anderson said. "But the question is, 'How far do you want to go?' People don't want a complete amateur in the office."

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